In the 21st century, American soldiers began using the term Haji as slang for Iraqis, Afghans, or Arab people in general. The title has also been used in Jewish communities to honor those who made a pilgrimage to Jerusalem or other holy sites in Israel. In some areas the title has become a family name, for example in the Bosniak surname Hadžiosmanović ("son of Hajji Osman"). The related term hadži is used in Orthodox Christianity in the Balkan countries for people who go on pilgrimage to the grave of Christ in Jerusalem. In Iran the honorific title Haj ( حاج) is sometimes used for IRGC commanders, instead of the title Sardar ("General"), such as for Qasem Soleimani. This happened due to Cyprus' legacy as a place where Christians and Muslims have intermixed for centuries. In Cyprus the title is so prevalent that it has been permanently integrated into some Greek Christian family names, such as Hajiioannou. Tokuichi thought of giving her to an orphanage, but instead took her into his family. Monaca's mother abandoned the child soon after her birth. Monaca, Haiji's younger half-sister, was born an unwanted child. He was the next in line to run Towa City. The term is also used in the Balkan Christian countries that were once under caliphate rule ( Bulgaria, Serbia, Greece, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Romania) for a Christian who had traveled to Jerusalem and the Holy Lands. Haiji was the first born child of Tokuichi Towa and his mother. In Malay-speaking countries, Haji and Hajah are titles given to Muslim males and females respectively who have performed the pilgrimage. The title is placed before a person's name for example, Saif Gani becomes "Hajji Saif Gani". It is often used to refer to an elder, since it can take years to accumulate the wealth to fund the travel (and did particularly before the advent of mass air travel), and in many Muslim societies to a respected man as an honorific title.
In Arab countries, ḥājj and ḥājjah (pronunciation varies according to the form of Arabic spoken) is a commonly used manner of addressing any older person respectfully, regardless of whether or not the person in question has actually performed the pilgrimage. Hajji and its variant spellings are used as honorific titles for Muslims who have successfully completed the Hajj to Mecca. The alternative form ḥajjī is derived from the name of the Hajj with the adjectival suffix - ī, and this was the form adopted by non-Arabic languages. Hajji is derived from the Arabic ḥājj, which is the active participle of the verb ḥajja ("to make the pilgrimage"). Stemming from the same origin, the term Hadži is used in Orthodox Christianity in the Balkan countries for people who go on pilgrimage to the grave of Christ in Jerusalem. Hajji ( Arabic: الحجّي sometimes spelled Hadji, Haji, Alhaji, Al-Hadj, Al-Haj or El-Hajj) is an honorific title which is given to a Muslim person who has successfully completed the Hajj to Mecca.
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